Commutator-brush



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No. 533,038. Patented Jan. 22, 1895.

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M. R. HIRSH.

GOMMUTATOR BRUSH.

N0. 533,038. Patented Jan. 22, 1895.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARIA R. HRSCH, OF MILWAUKEE, WSCONSIN.

COMIVUTATR-BRUSH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 533,038, dated January 22, 1895.

Application filed May Sl, 1894. Serial No. 513,031. (No model.)

To @ZZ when?, t may concern:

].Be it known that I, MARIA R. HIRsoH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, county of Milwaukee, State of Tisconsin, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Commutator-Brushes; and l declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specifi# cation.

My invention relates to new and usefulimprovements in the construction of commutator brushes, and consists in the matters hereinafter described and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating my invention, Figure l is a perspective view of a sheet of prepared material from which one form of myimproved brush is constructed. Fig. 2 is a perspective View of a commutator brush constructed from a sheet of material such as shown in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a perspective viewy illustrating a somewhat different form of my improved brush. Fig. eis a similar view illustrating still another form of my improved device. Fig. 5 is a perspective view illustrating still another form of composite sheet for the construction of my improved brush.

My invention consists primarily in the construction of a commutator brush from one or more sheets or films of metal which are repeatedly bent, corrugated or folded so as to form a block of the desired shape, and filling the interstices between the thicknesses or layers of `said corrugated or folded sheets with a suitable lubricating material, such for instance as graphite, and nally uniting the layers or thicknesses by means of an exterior coating or layer of metal.

I may employ any one of several methods in the construction of my improved brush.

In Fig. l have shown one form of the prepared sheet from which the block is formed, said sheet comprising a metallic film or layer A, upon which is located a film or layer B, of graphite or carbon, or combined graphite and carbon, as may be desired, and upon this layer B, is located a second metallic lm or layer C. This forms a composite sheet which iscapable of being bent, corrugated or folded into any desired shape.

If desired, the thickness of the composite sheet may be increased to any desired extent by the addition of alternate layers of metal and the intervening material.

The composite sheet may be folded or corrugated in the manner shown in Fig. 2, so as to form a block of the desired shape, and the block compressed edgewise in such a manner as to firmly compress the eorrugations and canse the thicknesses of the folded sheet to rest in close contactwith each other. Then the block has been thus formed, an exterior' covering or sheath D of metal is applied in any convenient manner, as for instance, by electro-deposition, this exterior coating serving to firmly bind all of the thicknesses together, and securely retain the same in position.

In the particular form of construction shown in Fig. 3, the composite sheet is bent, folded or corrugated so as to form a block of the desired proportions, but the block is not compressed to the extent shown in Fig. 2, there being slight openings or spaces cleft between the thicknesses or corrugat-ions F E, which are filled with a lubricating material, such as graphite as indicated in Fig. The exterior covering or sheath D is applied in the same manner as before described, to secure the corrugated sheet in position.

1f desired, the block might be made in the manner shown in Fig. 4, from a single sheet or thickness F, of metal, corrugated or bent to the desired shape, and the interstices f, between the eorrugations thereof, filled with the lubricating material, as before described, and the whole bound together by the exterior coating or sheath D.

lf desired, the lubricating material may be mixed with any suitable scouring or cleansing material, such as tripoli, finely pulverized ashes, Whiting or the like, this scouring material serving to keep the commutator bright and clean.

lf desired, when carbon as well as graphite or other lubricating material is required between the metallic layers, l find it convenient in constructing the composite sheet, to place upon the sheet or film A, a slight coating of IOO the lubricating material or combined lubricating and scouring material, then to place upon the lubricating material a sheet G of paper, to the upper surface ot which is applied a coating of the lubricating or combined lubricating` and scouring material, and finally to place upon the upper side of said lubricating material, a second sheet or ilm of metal. After the composite sheet has been thus formed, the paper layers between the metallic films may be carbonized by heating the composite sheet to a high temperature, or if desired, the composite sheet might be bent to the desired shape to form a block ofthe proper size and proportion, and the exterior coating or sheath D applied thereto, previous to heating the same, and carbonizing the paper.

By the described construction, the corrugated or folded sheet is continuous throughout the entire block which forms the brush, and thus affords greater' conductivity than it the brush were made up ot separate strips or wires, while by the application of the sheath or external coating D by electro-deposition of the metal, said sheath is rendered firmly adherent to the edges of all the eorrugations, and any slight uneyennesses between adjacent corrugations will be tilled by the metallic deposit, thereby establishing perfect electrical contact with all the corrugatious throughout the entire block.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

l. A commutator brush comprising a metallic sheet corrugated, folded or bent so as to form a blocl; ot the desired shape and proportions, and having a iilling of lubricating material located in the interstiees between said corrugations, substantially as described.

2. A commutator brush comprising a metallic sheet corrugated, folded or bent to form a block of the desired shape and proportions, and having a illing of lubricating material located in the interstices between said corrugations, anda covering or sheath ot metal, se-

ceases cured to the outside of said block and in -electrical connection with the edges ot the corrugations of said sheet, throughout the block, substantially as described.

3. A com mutatorbrush 'form ed from a conlposite sheet consisting of alternate layers or tilms ot metal and a lubricating material, and bent, folded, or corrugated so as to torni a block of the desired shape and proportions, substantially as described.

t. A commutator brush formed from a com-- posite sheet consisting of alternate layers or lilms of metal and a lubricating material, and bent, folded, or corrugated so as to 'form a block of the desired shape and proportions, and a covering er sheath of metal secured to the outside of said block, and in electrical connection with the edges of the corrugations ot' said sheet throughout the block, substantially as described.

5. A composite sheet for the construction of commutator brushes consisting of alternate layers or films of metal, and lubricating material substantially as described.

G. A composite sheet for the construction of commutator brushes, consisting ot alternate layers or films of metal and combined lubricating and scouring or cleansing mate-- rials, substantially as described.

7. A composite sheet for the construction ot commutator brushes, consisting ot` alternate layers or ilms of metal and lubricating material, and material capable of being carbonized, substantially as described.

S. A composite sheet t'or the construction of comm utator brushes consisting of alternate layers or iilms of metal and combined lubricating material, scouring material and material capable of being` carbonized, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof i sign this specifica-- tion in the presence of two witnesses.

MARIA R. lll SCH. lVitnesses:

JOHN E. WtLns, M. M. Winns. 

